Frequently Asked Questions About Bicycle Injury Law

Here are the immediate steps you should take after a crash:

1. Interacting with the Driver and Police

• • Do not negotiate with the driver. Wait for the police to arrive, or, if they do not respond to the bicycle collision, contact them afterwards.
  • This is necessary because some drivers will provide false contact and insurance information or later deny that they were at the scene. By involving the police, you are ensuring that the driver’s contact and insurance information is correct.

2. Securing the Police Report

• • Responding police officers may write a crash report. Be certain to provide your account of what happened to the responding officer, as sometimes these reports do not contain the cyclist’s statement.
  • The police may even cite the at-fault driver; if they do, this may be evidence to bolster your case. If you are cited, this could weaken your case. If the citation was not warranted by the facts of your case, you will want to have the citation dismissed before your claim is presented to the driver’s insurance company.

3. Seek Prompt Medical Treatment

• • Seek prompt medical treatment. The adrenaline that floods the cyclist’s system after a crash often masks injuries, leaving the cyclist unaware that he or she has been injured until later. By seeking treatment, you will have documentation of any injuries you may have sustained.

4. Documentation and Evidence Preservation

• • You will need photographs of your bicycle injuries and of the crash scene. You will also need the names and contact information of the driver and witnesses.
  • Do not destroy or otherwise affect the integrity of any of your physical evidence. For example, do not tinker with or repair your damaged bike; do not wash bloodstains or road marks off your clothing; and do not discard your cracked helmet, etc.
  • Finally, do not discuss your case with the driver’s insurance company before talking with a bicycle injury attorney.

You should immediately contact a lawyer licensed to handle bicycle injury cases, as soon after the collision as you are able. You need a lawyer with knowledge of bicycle law to ensure these critical steps are handled correctly and your case is protected:

1. Evidence and Investigation

The bicycle injury attorney will need to have the crash scene investigated while evidence may still be present. The sooner they start, the more accurate the investigation will likely be.

2. Insurance Company Pressure

The driver’s insurance company will be pressuring you to discuss your case. Do not discuss the crash with the insurance company before talking with an attorney. If you do discuss your case with them, they may attempt to use your own account of the collision to prove that you were the negligent party.

3. Strict Time Limits

Finally, there are strict time limits for handling bicycle injury claims, and it takes time to develop a case and negotiate with the insurance company. The sooner you talk with a bicycle injury attorney, the better it can be for your case.

Every bicycle crash is different; whether you have a case depends on the specific facts of your crash and how they interact with complex bicycle laws. You should never rely on advice from a law enforcement officer or an insurance company about the strength of your case, as their perspectives can often be biased and uninformed about the critical legal nuances below.

• Do Not Rely on Law Enforcement Officers
  • While law enforcement officers are trained to enforce laws, they are not trained or qualified to offer legal advice. As people who spend their lives in squad cars, they frequently have a “windshield bias,” favoring drivers over cyclists.
  • Don’t be dissuaded by a police report that finds you at fault. The officer’s findings can usually be overcome if the law or evidence was misinterpreted. If the findings were based on a mistake, an attorney can work to have them dismissed.
• The Insurance Company is Your Adversary
  • The driver’s insurance company is your adversary. In fact, as a general rule of thumb, the driver’s insurance company will often attempt to shift all or part of the blame for the collision to you. Therefore, the insurance company is a biased and unreliable source of advice about your case.
• The Attorney’s Honest Assessment
  • In contrast, an attorney with experience in handling bicycle injury cases like yours will provide you with an honest assessment of your case. If you contact bicyclelaw.com, the merit of your case is something we will discuss during your complimentary initial consultation.

If you have been injured in a bicycle accident, the amount of compensation you are entitled to will vary with each case, and is highly dependent on the facts and legal issues of your particular case, the nature and extent of your injuries, and the amount of your losses. Typical damages that an attorney will consider in evaluating your claim include:

• Past and future medical bills: You are entitled to recover the expense of medical bills you have incurred, and will continue to incur in the future, as a result of another party’s negligence. For example, these damages include emergency room treatment, radiology, surgery, doctors, chiropractic, therapeutic treatment,  and other medical expenses.
• Loss or impairment of past and future wages: You are entitled to be compensated for both past and future wages lost or impaired due to injuries you have suffered as a result of another party’s negligence. In order to claim lost wages, it is essential that you have a letter from your doctor verifying that (1) due to your injuries, your ability to work has been lost or impaired, and (2) the length of time this loss or impairment will continue.
• Property damage: You are entitled to recover the cost of repairs or replacement for your property that has been damaged due to another party’s negligence. For example, these damages include damage to your bicycle, components, and accessories.
• Out-of-pocket expenses: You are entitled to be compensated for out-of-pocket expenses you incur as a result of another party’s negligence. For example, the cost of doctor’s prescriptions are compensable.
• Pain and suffering: In addition to injuries for which receipts can be produced, there is another class of injuries which are just as real, but for which no receipts exist. These injuries are classified as “pain and suffering,” and are intended to compensate you for the intangible injuries you’ve suffered as a result of the driver’s negligence. These intangible injuries would include the physical pain you’ve suffered, embarrassment from scarring, depression, mental anguish, emotional distress, a potentially shortened lifespan, and loss of enjoyment of life. For cyclists, the loss of the ability to ride for transportation or pleasure, or to compete, would be an example of “loss of enjoyment of life.” Because there are no receipts for “pain and suffering,” the amount you are compensated will be dependent upon your bicycle injury attorney’s effectiveness at conveying the extent to which your pain and suffering has affected your life.
• Punitive damages: Occasionally, if a jury feels that the behavior of a negligent party was particularly egregious and outside the bounds of community standards of behavior, the jury may decide to punish the negligent party by awarding the injured person punitive damages.

It is often difficult in the early stages of a cycling injury case to determine a precise amount of damages to seek, because the full extent of the damages may not be immediately apparent. For example, the total cost of present medical care may not be established immediately after an accident. Until the injured cyclist has either fully recovered, or at least reached a plateau in recovery from his or her injuries, it is impossible to determine what current medical expenses are, let alone attempt to determine what future medical expenses, if any, will be incurred. Likewise, depending upon the extent of permanent injury, the loss or impairment of future wages will also be unknown shortly after the accident. Nevertheless, after assessing the particulars of your case, an experienced bicycle injury lawyer will be able to advise you in general terms what your case may be worth.

That will depend on the specifics of your bicycle injury case. The insurance company is your adversary, so in many cases, they will attempt to offer you less to settle your case than you may be entitled to. Sometimes, due to the facts of your case, the insurance company may make you a fair settlement offer.

Regardless of which approach the insurance company takes, it is never a good idea to negotiate directly with them until after you’ve talked with a licensed bicycle injury attorney. This is necessary because:

• The insurance company will attempt to use everything you disclose to build a case against you.
• Many cases involve complex factual and legal issues, often requiring the services of an attorney and a crash reconstruction engineer to help pursue the damages you may be able to recover.

If the full extent of your injuries is known, and if the case is not complex and the offer is fair, we can advise on this at your initial free consultation.

Your initial consultation with our bicycle injury lawyers is free of charge, with no obligation. We frequently are able to help people help themselves in this initial call. If we decide to work together, our fees are contingent upon success. If we successfully recover compensation, we will receive a percentage of the recovery amount. If we are not successful in recovering compensation for you, you will not owe anything to us.

We are trial attorneys, and are prepared to go to trial if necessary. However, the fact is most lawsuits never proceed to trial. Most lawsuits are settled out of court– sometimes even on the courthouse steps! Nevertheless, in those rare cases where the driver’s insurance company does not agree to just compensation in settlement of the cyclist’s claims, the injured cyclist will have to decide whether to accept the insurance company’s offer or proceed to trial. Generally, the stronger your case– something determined by the particular facts of your case and by the groundwork laid by your legal team– the greater the pressure on the insurance company to settle your claims fairly. This is because the power you hold in negotiations with the driver’s insurance company is your right to sue for just compensation. Without that power, the insurance companies have no incentive to offer you fair compensation for your injuries. One major reason attorneys are significantly more successful than unrepresented accident victims at recovering compensation is because the driver’s insurance company faces the very credible threat of a lawsuit if it does not offer a fair settlement. The bottom line is we work for you. While it is our job to advise you on risks and benefits, we settle the case or try the case based on your decision.

If your bike has been damaged, you are entitled to be compensated for the cost of repairs, or, if it cannot be repaired, you are entitled to be compensated at the replacement value (and not at the lower “depreciated” value that the insurance companies will offer). This part of your case is usually resolved quickly, before your bodily injury claim is resolved. In most cases, we can get you a check for your bike within 30 to 60 days.

If you have an automobile insurance policy, you will be covered by your auto policy’s Uninsured Motorist/Under Insured Motorist (UM/UIM) coverage on your auto policy. You pay for this coverage, and if you are hit by an uninsured or underinsured motorist, it’s as if the motorist did have adequate insurance. For this reason, we advise cyclists to always carry the maximum amount of UM/UIM on their auto policies. We have a very thorough piece discussing this further: Cover yourself! Liability insurance for the cyclist. However, you should be aware of the following caveats when making a claim against your own insurance policy:

• It’s not uncommon for a cyclist who has been hit by an uninsured or underinsured driver to be advised by his or her insurance agent that UM/UIM does not apply to cycling accidents. This advice is incorrect– cyclists with UM/UIM coverage on their auto policies are covered if they are involved in a collision with an uninsured or underinsured driver.
• If you are filing a UM/UIM claim with your insurance company, your own insurance company becomes your adversary on that claim.
• If you have been hit by an underinsured motorist (i.e., a motorist whose low policy limits are inadequate to cover your damages), you can claim against your UIM coverage for damages above the underinsured motorists policy limits but within your own UM/UIM policy limits. However, you will need permission from your own insurance company before you accept a check from the motorist’s insurance company. This is vitally important. If your insurance company does not consent to settle before you accept a check from the underinsured motorist’s insurance company, you may be unable to claim against your own UM/UIM coverage.

We help bicyclists, ranging from collisions to dangerous road conditions (for example wheel-eating potholes and storm grates) to defective bicycles and parts, known as bicycle product liability claims.

We have lawyers licensed in Oregon and California, and have an extensive network of experienced bicycle injury lawyers throughout the United States we associate with. Bicycle Law lawyers, through co-counsel relationships, have participated in cases in over 35 states. Bob Mionske, Bicycle Law’s founder, has assisted cyclists in all 50 states.

Yes. When you contact us you will be able to speak with an experienced bike attorney. If one of us is not immediately available, we’ll find a time to talk as soon as possible that works for you.

For a free consultation with us without obligation, call (866) 835-6529 or email us at info@bicyclelaw.com. If you already have a police report feel free to include it with an email as it can help us provide better analysis.

Your compensation may be reduced, but you might still be able to recover damages. Most states follow a rule called Comparative Negligence, which reduces the amount you can recover by your percentage of fault. For example, if you are found 25% responsible, your total award is reduced by 25%. It is crucial to have an attorney involved, as the at-fault driver’s insurance company may attempt to shift a higher percentage of the blame to you.

The duration of a case varies significantly, but generally takes anywhere from several months to several years. Factors that influence the timeline may include: the severity of your injuries, whether liability is disputed, and whether the case settles out of court or proceeds to trial. A bicycle law attorney will work to resolve the case while pursuing appropriate compensation.

If your crash was caused by a road defect, such as a pothole, an unsafe bike lane design, or uncleared debris, the responsible entity is typically the government agency (city, county, or state) tasked with maintaining that road. Claims against government entities are highly complex and subject to extremely short deadlines, often requiring a formal claim be filed within six months of the incident.

For claims against a private individual (like another driver), the deadline is typically two years from the date of the collision. However, claims against a government entity (due to road conditions) often have a much shorter deadline, sometimes just six months. Missing this deadline can result in losing your right to sue, so speak with an attorney immediately.

Fault is determined by establishing which party’s negligence (failure to act with reasonable care) caused the collision. This involves: reviewing the police report, analyzing physical evidence (including vehicle damage and road marks), gathering witness statements, and applying relevant state traffic laws. The driver’s insurance company will conduct its own investigation to minimize their payout, which is why an attorney needs to conduct a separate investigation on your behalf.